Understanding eosinophilic esophagitis

Abstract

Allergy Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an allergic disease triggered by exposure to food-derived allergens. Morgan et al. examined tissue-specific immune responses underlying EoE using paired single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing of esophageal, peripheral blood, and duodenal samples collected from patients. Eosinophils enriched for nuclear factor κB signaling pathways and clonally expanded pathogenic effector T helper 2 (peTH2) cells were elevated in the esophagus of patients. In peripheral blood, expression of the chemokine receptor GPR15 enriched for milk-reactive T cells and for peTH2 clonotypes also detected in the esophagus. Thus, certain food antigen–specific T cells are poised for esophageal homing. Sci. Immunol. 6 , eabi5586 (2021).