Abstract
Climate-related risks pose a great threat to urban safety, infrastructure stability and socioeconomic sustainability. China is a country that crosses diverse geomorphic and climatic regions in the world and is frequently affected by various climate hazards. In this study, we propose a comprehensive analysis on the spatial pattern of major climate hazards in China from 1991 to 2020, including rainstorms, droughts, heatwaves, coldwaves, typhoons, and snowstorms, and generate an integrated sketch map on multi-hazard zones. It is detectable that South of the Yangtze River is in danger of heatwaves, rainstorms, and typhoons, while the North China Plain is more likely to suffer droughts. Coldwaves, snowstorms, and freezing mainly affect Northeast China, Northwest China, and the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. In the view of climate governance, cities are hotspots affected by intensified climate hazards in a warmer climate. There is an urgent need to incorporate a climate adaptation strategy into future city construction, so as to improve social resilience and mitigate climate impacts in rapid urbanization process. Specific adaptation measures have been developed from the perspectives of land-use planning, prevention standard, risk assessment, and emergency response to facilitate the understanding of climate resilience and urban sustainability.
Highlights
Climate action has emerged as one of the defining issues attracting great attention from scientists, governments, and the public
We systematically reveal the spatial pattern of multiple climate hazards in China, including heatwaves, rainstorms, snowstorms, droughts, as well as the moving paths of coldwaves and typhoons
We summarize the impacts of climate hazards on urban development, and further propose to incorporate the strategic goals of climate adaptation into urban development of
Summary
Climate action has emerged as one of the defining issues attracting great attention from scientists, governments, and the public. Given that previous studies on climate hazards in China are scattered in a certain hazard type or a certain region, this study first conducts a comprehensive analysis on the spatial patterns of multiple climate hazards in China, clarifies the difficulties and challenges that urban development faces in mitigating climate impacts. On this basis, specific suggestions on building climate-resilient cities in China are proposed from the perspectives of land-use planning, prevention standards, risk assessment, and emergency response in order to facilitate collaborations between economic, social, and climate policies and provide scientific reference for policy makers dealing with climate risks
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