Abstract
Camellia sinensis is the most consumed beverage worldwide. It contains a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, catechins, and polyphenols, generated through a condensation reaction of cinnamic acid with three malonyl-CoA groups. In addition to the metabolic processes occurring within this plant, there are also some plant-associated bacterial endophytes. These bacteria reside in the living tissues of the host plants without causing any harmful effect to them, thereby stimulating secondary metabolite production with a diverse range of biological effects. Omics technologies reveal understanding of the biological phenomena of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. In this sense, the present review aims to provide a comprehensive review of various methods used to identify distinct plant compounds, namely transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analysis. The role of endophytic bacteria in C. sinensis metabolism, and C. sinensis antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, are also carefully highlighted.
Highlights
Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze. produces a common herbal drink that is used by many nations around the world, and is ranked second after water in terms of popularity and preference [1,2,3]. C. sinensis is native to China [4], it is commercially grown in both tropical and subtropical parts of the world [5].Certain biological phenomena may be revealed through transcriptional regulation, genes end-products, and metabolic productAppl
C. sinensis contains secondary metabolites, among them phenolic compounds, which are broadly considered as renowned tea quality parameters, in addition to playing a crucial role as antimicrobials and antioxidants
Endophytic bacteria play an interesting role in stimulating secondary metabolite production, besides promoting green tea growth through inducing indole acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, and ammonia production, exerting antagonism against pathogens and promoting siderophore production
Summary
Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze. (green tea) produces a common herbal drink that is used by many nations around the world, and is ranked second after water in terms of popularity and preference [1,2,3]. Green traditional teas for primary health care, especially in Asian and African countries [7]. Of the endophytic bacteria may the same metabolites as plants, making them a promising source of novel compounds [10]. Endophytic secondary metabolites as plants, making them a promising source of novel compounds [10]. Endophytic bacteria colonize internal tissues to form symbiotic, mutualistic, and host relationships. Several endophytic bacteria appear to derive from rhizosphere or phyllosphere; trophobiotistic host relationships. Several endophytic bacteria appear to derive from rhizosphere or some of them may be transmitted through seeds of the parent plant. Endophytic bacteria phyllosphere; some of them may be transmitted through seeds of the parent plant.
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