Abstract
Structural and sediment accumulation analysis of available seismic and 10 wells are performed to understand the Cenozoic basin evolution of the south western Malay basin. Structurally, the south western part consists of normal faults, horst and graben geometry. Tenggol fault is the boundary fault between the basinal side and Tenggol arch which penetrated through all Cenozoic sediments. Analysis shows that sediment accumulation rates are high towards basinal side which could be due to the normal faults movement. Rate analysis and 2D modeling explained that sediment accumulation initiated during 33.9 Ma towards the basinal side and could be associated to the activation of Tenggol fault. Sediments of 33.9-25.2 Ma were missing on the tenggol arch and may be arch acted as an erosional surface till 25.2 Ma. Analysis shows that from unit K (25.2-21 Ma) to unit A (6-0 Ma) sediments are found on both tenngol arch and basinal side with the consistent increase in thickness of sediment and accumulation rates towards basinal side. During the basin wide inversion, still sediments accumulated in considerable thickness in the south western part which may be due to less effect of inversion as compare to basin center. After the compression, sediments again deposited with mild tectonic activity or may be reactivation of faults.
Highlights
Understanding the formation of sedimentary basins and their evolution is vital for hydrocarbon exploration
Basin inversion like compressional anticlines, inverted and uplifted half grabens and reverse throws on the half graben normal faults was described by Tjia (1994a)
The intensity of inversion is generally greater at the center than on the flank of the basin
Summary
Understanding the formation of sedimentary basins and their evolution is vital for hydrocarbon exploration. Development of a basin is affected by basement subsidence, accumulation of sediments and compaction of rock unit below (Madon, 2007). With basin initiation, created space start filling with sediments and become compacted with burial depth (Athy, 1930). The Malay basin is a large NW-SE trending trough parallel to the trend of Peninsular Malaysia (Fig. 1a). The aim of this study is to understand the Cenozoic evolution of the south western part of the Malay Basin. Basement faults in the south eastern and central part of Malay basin mostly trend E-W oblique to the overall basin trend. Seismic-to-well log correlation and integrated to lithostratigraphic data were carried out to provide a framework of interpreted surfaces as well as detailed seismo stratigraphic interpretation in order to understand basin structure and evolution. In addition to the seismic horizon, the major bounding faults were mapped on the 2D seismic section
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