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Abstract
We present a combination of experimental STM images and DFT calculations tounderstand the atomic scale contrast of features found in high-resolution STM images.Simulating different plausible structural models for the tip, we have been able toreproduce various characteristics previously reported in experimental images onTiO2(110)-(1 × 1) under controlled UHV conditions. Our results allow us to determine the influence of differentchemical and morphological tip terminations on the atomic-resolution STM images of theTiO2(110)-(1 × 1) surface. The commonest images have been properly explained using standardmodels for a W tip, either clean or with a single O atom located at the apex.Furthermore, a double transfer of oxygen atoms can account for different types of bizarreatomic-resolution features occasionally seen, and not conclusively interpretedbefore. Importantly, we discuss how typical point-defects are imaged on thissurface by different tips, namely bridging O vacancies and adsorbed OH groups.
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