Abstract
A number of studies have suggested that the irradiation behavior and damage processes occurring during sequential and simultaneous particle irradiations can significantly differ. Currently, there is no definite answer as to why and when such differences are seen. Additionally, the conventional multi-particle irradiation facilities cannot correctly reproduce the complex irradiation scenarios experienced in a number of environments like space and nuclear reactors. Therefore, a better understanding of multi-particle irradiation problems and possible alternatives are needed. This study shows ionization induced thermal spike and defect recovery during sequential and simultaneous ion irradiation of amorphous silica. The simultaneous irradiation scenario is shown to be equivalent to multiple small sequential irradiation scenarios containing latent damage formation and recovery mechanisms. The results highlight the absence of any new damage mechanism and time-space correlation between various damage events during simultaneous irradiation of amorphous silica. This offers a new and convenient way to simulate and understand complex multi-particle irradiation problems.
Highlights
It contains a mixture of recovery and damage formation mechanisms exactly as they are present during the sequential irradiation scenarios
The lack of any time-space correlation between various damage events, even at such high fluxes shows that the complex multi-particle irradiation environments can be simulated using classical single and double beam irradiation facilities
New peaks emerged at 933 cm−1 and 1552 cm−1 whose intensity increased with the irradiation fluence
Summary
A fundamental question that arises from these and many other studies[13,14,15] is to know what makes a simultaneous irradiation scenario different from sequential or single beam irradiation scenarios and if there are any time-space correlation effects during simultaneous irradiation that modify the damage evolution process. Energy and flux limits at different multi-beam irradiation facilities make it difficult to simulate the high energy and low particle flux irradiation environments encountered in space and important to understand the radiation damage in spacecraft’s and extraterrestrial objects. The lack of any time-space correlation between various damage events, even at such high fluxes shows that the complex multi-particle irradiation environments can be simulated using classical single and double beam irradiation facilities
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