Abstract
Water availability is an important aspect for sustainable regional development. Yogyakarta has problems in water availability. The demand for water in Yogyakarta Province is gradually increasing with higher consumption for human consumption, industry, and agriculture and livestock production. Also, more inhabitants and farmers are utilizing groundwater for domestic purpose and irrigation due to long drought, respectively. This problem will be increasing as higher population leads to higher water consumption and food production. Therefore, this study aim to understand the current situation and long-term projections of water sources, and demands in 2017-2030 by using water balance concept. After that, the assessment of alternative scenarios to overcome water availability problem was performed using managed aquifer recharge concept and efficient irrigation.The result shows that within the period 2017-2030, water storage is negative in 3 (three) regencies. This means that water deficit had occurred in these regencies where water demand rate is higher than recharge rate of groundwater. Also, it might shows that most of storm water goes to surface runoff and/or most of groundwater abstraction for water demand becomes waste water production. According to the Scenario-1, recharging the aquifer with storm water, converting 45% of surface runoff to groundwater can reduce water deficit in only 2 regencies. Scenario-2 shows that converting 65%, can overcome all 3 regencies from water deficit. Combining aquifer recharge by storm water and effective irrigation can solve water deficit problem in all regencies by only converting 40% of surface runoff to groundwater. The study shows that both approaches of managed aquifer recharge and effective irrigation are applicable in Yogyakarta. In small scale, these applications can be low cost, but at larger scale, can require higher investment cost. Therefore a site-specific knowledge on the project field is very important. Large scale application will need more stakeholders and regulators involvement, and also social awareness and acceptance.
Highlights
The result shows that within the period 2017-2030, water storage is negative in 3 regencies. This means that water deficit had occurred in these regencies where water demand rate is higher than recharge rate of groundwater
Combining aquifer recharge by storm water and effective irrigation can solve water deficit problem in all regencies by only converting 40% of surface runoff to groundwater
The study shows that both approaches of managed aquifer recharge and effective irrigation are applicable in Yogyakarta
Summary
Its quantity could not meet the increasing of water counsumption due to higher demand. The use of recharge well is one types of MAR that has been applied to increase groundwater recharge from stormwater [9].Yogyakarta Province in one of the fastest growing economy of Indonesia, in 2017. There is a water deficit in 2 regencies in Yogyakarta, which is appear in a water balance year 2003 where Java island calculated 38 million litre deficit during dry season. It was reported the surplus of water during wet season of 27 million litre [11]. Scenarios were implemented to propose an alternative solution regarding water availability
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