Abstract
More than 75 % of the drinking water demand in the territory of the former USSR is met by underground water reserves. Along with a serious approach to the pollution of surface waters, soils, atmospheric air, the ecological state of underground waters is given an unjustifiably small importance. The availability of fresh, environmentally friendly water in sufficient quantities is the basis for the life of both humans and all ecosystem participants. The current ecological situation in the Shchuchansky district in the Kurgan region is formed under the influence of numerous factors of natural and manmade origin. The purpose of the research was to assess the quality of underground water located on the territory of the Shchuchansky district in the Kurgan region. The theoretical material of the ecological state of the territory in the Shchuchansky district has been presented in the article. Descriptions of laboratory studies of underground water have been given, and sources of pollution have been indicated. The conducted evaluation of the quality of underground water according to hydrochemical indicators did not reveal the excess of permissible concentrations of pollutants. The underground waters of Chumlyak, Kolmakovo-Miasskoye and the town Shchuchye are more susceptible to pollution. The lowest content of chlorides and sulfates in wells and boreholes has been found in the Petrovskoye and in the Puktysh, nitrites and nitrates in the Nikitino, and ammonium nitrogen in the Naumovka. Studies of the concentrations of heavy metals in underground sources have been shown an increased iron content in them at the level of 1,1-1,6 maximum allowable concentration. The content of copper, zinc and manganese in underground waters did not exceed the maximum allowable concentration. The highest concentration of copper has been found in wells and boreholes in the Kolmakovo-Miasskoye, and manganese in boreholes in the town Shchuchye.
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