Underdiagnosis is the main challenge in breast cancer screening.

Abstract

In The Lancet Oncology, Sepideh Saadatmand and colleagues1 present the results of a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial that compared the performance of MRI plus mammography with that of mammography alone for breast cancer screening in women aged 30–55 years with familial risk of breast cancer, but without a documented mutation in a breast cancer susceptibility gene. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either annual MRI and clinical breast examination plus biennial mammography (MRI group) or annual mammography and clinical breast examination (mammography group).