Undercarriages impact on soil of machine-tractor units during tillage and cultivation of agricultural crops

Abstract

The article discusses the impact of machine-tractor unit (MTU) undercarriages during soil cultivation and cultivation of agricultural crops. With a movement of row-crop units across the field, MTU propellers repeatedly compact the soil. This negatively affects the production of seedlings, the growth and development of plants, and the yield of agricultural crops. In this regard, these studies are purposed at determining compaction effects on soil and conducting an agroecological assessment of the undercarriages of existing MTUs, studying soil compaction under the influence of general-purpose caterpillar and wheeled tractors during pre-sowing soil cultivation and its effect on the quality of seedlings, the growth and development of plants; and the yield of cotton. Depending on the zone, technological operations were carried out, preceding sowing, early spring harrowing of the plow to close the moisture, chiseling soil after leaching irrigation or chiseling the plow after spare winter irrigation, spring plowing with subsequent smalling, leveling, etc. The expertise of wheeled and tracked agricultural MTUs on soil according to the criterion: vertical force acting on a wheel, consisting of weight of the machine and external forces (mounted unit for soil cultivation, etc.). The vertical force is transferred to the soil by a contact surface formed between the wheel and the soil.