Uncovering the tradition of shell ornaments in Neolithic Poland

Abstract

The presented study explores shell ornaments discovered in Poland, investigating their role in Neolithic societies within spatial and chronological frameworks. We present a summary of our research findings encompassing raw material identification, procurement sources, ornament typology, shell selection, and trends in ornament use, along with their significance. The results of our study show that specific communities preferred particular shell species, sourced both locally and from distant regions. Moreover, some ornament types were distinctive and used exclusively by certain groups. This study sheds light on cultural dynamics, meaning, and social structures, shifting from a narrow focus on “exotic” shells to an increasing focus on local materials. Preferences for shell species and types are also shown to relate to settlement patterns, exchanges, and their symbolic meanings.