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Abstract
The interest expressed by the agriculture in the category of innovative biostimulants is due to the intensive search for natural preparations. Our study is the first ever to report a complex approach to the use of allelopathic extracts from Levisticum officinale Koch. roots in soybean cultivation, includes analyses of morphological observations, and analyses of biochemical indicators. Hot method of aqueous extraction was applied. The extracts were administered via foliar application and soil treatment. Lovage extracts had high contents of polyphenolic compounds and rich micro- and macroelemental composition. The infusions did not contain gibberellic acid and indole-3-acetic acid but the abscisic acid and saccharose, glucose, and fructose were found. The extracts modified soybean plant physiology, as manifested by changes in biometric traits. Plants responded positively by increased yield. Seeds from the treated plants had higher contents of micro- and macroelements, as well as total concentrations of lipids (with a slight decrease in protein content). In addition, they featured changes in their amino acid profile and fatty acid composition. The application of allelopathic biostimulant caused increased concentrations of isoflavones and saponins. The natural biostimulants from Levisticum officinale may become a valuable tool in the sustainable agriculture.
Highlights
The allelopathy evaluates the effect of chemicals produced by plants on the growth and development of other plants[1]
By being specialized biochemical factories, the plants produce various active compounds. These compounds— called allelochemicals—can either stimulate or inhibit plant germination and growth, while their application entails low contents of phytotoxic residues in water or s oil[4,5]. They can serve as substitutes for synthetic plant regulators, which is consistent with a new EU regulation 2019/1009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June 2019 stating that products based on allelochemicals can be classified as natural biostimulants
Our earlier results indicated that the extracts produced from Artemisia absinthium can be successfully used as effective allelopathic biostimulant in soybean cultivation
Summary
The allelopathy evaluates the effect of chemicals produced by plants on the growth and development of other plants[1]. The results of our research indicates that allelopathic extract from Levisticum officinale elicit the response of soybean plants due to the presence of phenolic compounds and multielemental composition and to ABA concentration. Inducing the biotic stress in plants through the application of the allelochemical extracts increased concentrations of macroelements in seeds compared to the control treatment.
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