Abstract
Innovativeness in the tourism and hospitality sector is essential for competitiveness and survival. Leadership plays a key role in promoting (or hampering) firm innovativeness. This article intended to examine the role of transformational leadership (TL) and organization citizenship behavior (OCB) on Spanish tourism firms’ innovativeness (OI). It also investigated whether firm size and age moderate the relationship between TL, OI, and OCB. The cross-sectional survey method was used to collect data from 329 middle-level managers in Spanish tourism firms. The findings of the data revealed that TL and OCB have significant impacts on firm innovativeness; also, OCB mediates the relationship between TL and firm innovativeness. Firm size and age moderate the relationship between TL and firm innovativeness; also, firm size moderates the relationship between TL and OCB. It was found that large firms were more innovative than small ones; also, younger firms showed a higher level of innovativeness than old firms. Managerial and specific firm size and age implications were provided.
Highlights
Tourism and hospitality firms maneuver in an exceptionally competitive market characterized by continuous transformation [1]
This study recommends that the adoption of transformational leadership (TL) and organization citizenship behavior (OCB) practices in tourism firms will be an initiative towards innovativeness and a drive towards sustainable outcomes
OCB was used as a mediator; firm size and age were used as moderators between TL and OI
Summary
Tourism and hospitality firms maneuver in an exceptionally competitive market characterized by continuous transformation [1]. TL style has been deemed to foster better employee relationships, provide opportunities for creativity, and boost changes [17], which may lead to improved innovation performance This is likely to happen in the tourism and hospitality industry, but no studies provide evidence in the same sense. The present research found that TL helps to enhance OCB, whereas OCB characteristics motivate employees to come up with creative ideas and cooperate with coworkers; improving firm innovativeness and the business sustainability of tourism firms. This research recommends that TL and OCB development in tourism firms leads to the firm’s innovativeness, which results in high quality, low production cost, and to meet or exceed customer need with creativity. This study recommends that the adoption of TL and OCB practices in tourism firms will be an initiative towards innovativeness and a drive towards sustainable outcomes
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