UNCONVENTIONAL AQUATIC PLANTS WITH ORNAMENTAL POTENTIAL AS A NEW FLORICULTURAL CROP

Abstract

Nymphoides indica (L.) O. Kuntze and Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verd. are two common macrophyte plants native to Brazil. Both are evergreen; N. indica during seasonal periods (winter) lacks shoots (leaves) and the aquatic shoot of Myriophyllum is very sensitive to frost. Both prefer aquatic environments with stagnant water with high nutrient content. Propagation of N. indica is by stolons (rooted stems rooted in the soil/sediment) holding floating leaves. It is also propagated by rhizomes, corms and seeds. Flowers are pentamerous, small and solitary, appearing in spring and summer. Myriophyllum aquaticum is propagated by stems rooted in the soil/sediment and it is considered an emerging plant tolerant to salinity. Its propagation can be by cuttings and stem fragmentation. The flowers are not very apparent. Nymphoides has ornamental potential due to its bluish green leaves and the distinctive color of its spots; its cuticle is thick, and its flowers and floating leaves, giving a sense of lightness to the environment. Myriophyllum aquaticum is easily propagated and is cited in the global database of invasive species, mainly for rice crops and dams. It is marketed, being collected from populations in nature, and is valued by aquarists as an ornamental flower, providing an alternative food source for fish and their protection. Its use is indicated for ecological landscaping with low maintenance cost. All rhizomes with three internodes of N. indica leaves issued in 14 days and flowered during 150 days of evaluation. Myriophyllum aquaticum did not produce flowers; all the cuttings had been viable in seven days. Both species showed positive characteristics for their use in horticulture.