Uncertainty in Blood Pressure Measurement Estimated Using Ensemble-Based Recursive Methodology.

Soojeong Lee,Sreeraman Rajan,Gangseong Lee,Voicu Z Groza,Hilmi R Dajani

doi:10.3390/s20072108

Abstract

Automated oscillometric blood pressure monitors are commonly used to measure blood pressure for many patients at home, office, and medical centers, and they have been actively studied recently. These devices usually provide a single blood pressure point and they are not able to indicate the uncertainty of the measured quantity. We propose a new technique using an ensemble-based recursive methodology to measure uncertainty for oscillometric blood pressure measurements. There are three stages we consider: the first stage is pre-learning to initialize good parameters using the bagging technique. In the second stage, we fine-tune the parameters using the ensemble-based recursive methodology that is used to accurately estimate blood pressure and then measure the uncertainty for the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the third stage.

Highlights

Blood pressure (BP) always fluctuates due to factors such as stress, exercise, disease, and inherent physiological oscillations [1]
Five sets of 300 BP measurements each of which taken from 60 volunteers were used as training data, and 125 measurements from 25 volunteers were used as validation data
As required by the ANSI/Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) BP measurement protocol [16], the ensemble-based recursive methodology (EBRM) algorithm was evaluated to verify that the mean error (ME) is less than

Summary

Introduction

Blood pressure (BP) always fluctuates due to factors such as stress, exercise, disease, and inherent physiological oscillations [1]. The physiological variance of BP, which can rise up to 20 mmHg, has been neglected so far [2]. Even though physiological uncertainty is larger than the margin of error of standard BP measurement protocols. The issue of accuracy, precision and uncertainty in the measurement of physiological parameters has been of constant concern for practitioners [3]. Even though the standard for the expression of uncertainty in measurement [4] states that it is applicable to a broad span of fields, in practice it has been applied only to measurements determined on the basis of a series of observations obtained under repeatable conditions, a situation which is rarely reproducible in physiological measurements. Kachuee et al [5]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion