Unbalanced translocation 9;16 in two children with dysmorphic features, and severe developmental delay: Evidence of cross-over within derivative chromosome 9 in patient #1

Abstract

We describe 2 children with dysmorphic features, and severe developmental delay presenting with overlapping unbalanced translocations of 9q34.3 and 16p13. Patient #1: A 4 year old African-American female with normal karyotype with a pericentric inversion on one chromosome 9 known to be a benign variant. Low resolution array CGH revealed a single BAC clone loss at 9q34.3 and a single BAC clone gain at 16p13.3, confirmed by FISH. Whole genome SNP array analysis refined these findings, identifying a terminal 1.28 Mb deletion (138,879,862–140,164,310) of 9q34.3 and a terminal 1.62 Mb duplication (45,320–1,621,753) of 16p13.3. Sub-telomeric FISH showed an unbalanced cryptic translocation involving the inverted chromosome 9 and chromosome 16. FISH of the father showed a balanced t(9;16)(q34.3;p13.3) involving the non-inverted chromosome 9, and a pericentric inversion on the normal 9 homologous chromosome. The presence of two rearrangements on chromosome 9, both an unbalanced translocation and a pericentric inversion, indicates recombination between the inverted and derivative 9 homologues from her father. Patient #2: A 1 year old Iraqi-Moroccan female with normal karyotype. Array-CGH identified a 0.56 Mb deletion of 9q34.3 (139,586,637–140,147,760) and an 11.31 Mb duplication of 16p13.3p13.13 (31,010–11,313,519). Maternal FISH showed a balanced t(9;16)(q34.3;p13.13). Both patients present with similar clinical phenotype.