Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the soluble programmed death-1 (sPD-1) and its ligand (sPD-L1) levels in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) patients and elucidate its underlying immunomodulatory mechanisms. Plasma levels of sPD-1, sPD-L1 and related cytokines and proteins were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Luminex. The effects of PD-1/PD-L1 signal on mDC (myeloid dendritic cell) and IL-6 secretion were measured using flow cytometry. The results revealed decreased levels of sPD-1 in sJIA patients negatively correlated with JADAS-27, PGA, PtGA and CRP. sJIA patients had lower CD86 and MHC-II expression on mDC. When blocking PD-1/PD-L1 signal, IL-6 secretion of DC were increased. Our finding displayed downregulated sPD-1 was related with clinical indicators and could be a new biomarker for sJIA diagnosis. The reduced membrane and soluble forms of PD-1/PD-L1 might take part in sJIA pathogenesis by enhancing mDC proliferation and IL-6 secretion.
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