Abstract
SYNOPSIS This article deals with (1) The meaning and significance of the umhlanga (reeds) among the Swazi: (a) description of utility of reeds in the housing of the Swazi, (b) significance of the structural arrangements of the Swazi kraal. (2) The organization of women for the cutting of umhlanga : (a) method of ukumemeta (announcing), (b) assembling of various groups, (c) selection of officers, (d) order of departure. (3) The march for the umhlanga ceremony: (a) groupings and the departure, (b) the role of the Paramount Chief, (c) the arrival at and return from Loamba. (4) The umhlanga dance ceremony: (a) making of dance costumes, (b) types of costumes amd hair‐style, (c) dramatic display by actors in rhythm and song, (d) description of the nature of the rhythm and song. (5) Umhlanga ceremony as a means of implanting discipline, character, and sex education in the life of the Swazi girls. The role of the Queen‐mother and royal consorts. The various aspects of the custom of Ukuhlonipha (avoidance) as practised in the whole pattern of behaviour throughout the ceremony, e.g. ukuhlonipha of the ancestral spirit hut, the cattle‐kraal, the in‐laws, the shadow of royal persons, and sacred places.
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