Umbilical Cord SFRP5 Levels of Term Newborns in Relation to Normal and Excessive Gestational Weight Gain.

Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar,Jolanta Patro-Małysza,Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak,Jan Oleszczuk,Dorota Darmochwał-Kolarz,Marcin Trojnar

doi:10.3390/ijms20030595

Abstract

Among the new adipokines, secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) is considered to prevent obesity and insulin resistance. The umbilical cord SFRP5 levels have not yet been investigated. The main aim of the study was to investigate whether the umbilical cord SFRP5 concentrations are altered in term neonates born to mothers with excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG). Two groups of subjects were selected depending on their gestational weight gain, i.e. 28 controls and 38 patients with EGWG. Umbilical cord and maternal serum SFRP5 levels were lower in the EGWG group. Umbilical cord SFRP5 concentrations were directly associated with the maternal serum SFRP5, hemoglobin A1c and lean tissue index, umbilical cord leptin levels, as well as newborns’ anthropometric measurements in the EGWG subjects. In multiple linear regression models performed in all the study participants, umbilical cord SFRP5 concentrations depended positively on the maternal serum SFRP5, ghrelin, and leptin levels and negatively on the umbilical cord ghrelin levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and gestational weight gain. EGWG is associated with disturbances in SFRP5 concentrations. Obstetricians and midwives should pay attention to nutrition and weight management during pregnancy.

Highlights

As a novel adipokine mainly secreted from the adipose tissue, secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) contains a cysteine rich domain as well as a netrin-like function domain, and it plays a regulatory role in the wingless-type Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) integration site family member (Wnt) signaling pathways [1,2,3]
The excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) women were characterized by increased levels of hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c), triglycerides and indexes of fat (FTI) and lean (LTI) tissues as well as lower concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)
Lower SFRP5 concentrations as well as higher ghrelin and leptin levels were observed in the umbilical cord blood of neonates born to the EGWG mothers

Summary

Introduction

As a novel adipokine mainly secreted from the adipose tissue, secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) contains a cysteine rich domain as well as a netrin-like function domain, and it plays a regulatory role in the wingless-type Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV) integration site family member (Wnt) signaling pathways [1,2,3]. Preliminary clinical and basic research reveals that the biologic function of SFRP5 may be similar to adiponectin, which exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in the metabolic homeostasis [1,2]. SFRP5 has been reported to be implicated in obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndromes [4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. As far as we know, there is no reported study investigating the SFRP5 concentrations in the human umbilical cord blood. We hypothesized that SFRP5 concentrations would probably be impaired in the umbilical cord of full-term neonates born to excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) mothers. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the umbilical cord SFRP5 levels correlate with selected maternal parameters and neonatal anthropometric measurements

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Discussion

Conclusion