Ultra-Wideband Graphene-Based Micro-Sized Circular Patch-Shaped Yagi-like MIMO Antenna for Terahertz Wireless Communication

Abstract

In this work, an ultra-wideband graphene-based micro-sized circular patch-shaped Yagi-like MIMO antenna was investigated over 1–30 THz of the frequency spectrum. The proposed antenna structure was designed over a polyimide substrate with 620 × 800 µm2. This antenna was radiated over three bands over 1–30 THz. The maximum bandwidth achieved 10.96 THz, with −26 dB of the return loss isolation. These three bands were also mathematically analyzed using various MIMO antenna parameters to match the MIMO antenna criteria. This antenna provided all the accepted results as per the limits set by these antenna parameters. The effect of the different port excitation on the change of directivity of the overall structure is also reported. The MIMO antenna parameters such as TARC (Total Active Reflection Coefficient), ECC (Envelope Correlation Coefficient), MEG (Mean Effective Gain), CCL (Channel Capacity Loss), and DG (Directivity Gain) were investigated for the proposed structure. These values were also identified to check the compatibility and challenges associated with short-distance communication. The suggested THz MIMO antenna provides the operating bands of 1–10 THz and 15–30 THz, with good isolation values. An average of 7 dB gain was observed in the 2 × 2 antenna structure. The newly developed MIMO antenna in the THz frequency range may be used for high-speed short-distance and terahertz communications.