Abstract
The research interest of ultrawideband (UWB) discharge source location estimation has increased these years. In this paper, a direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method using multiple baseline wideband time-domain interferometry with Hilbert transform for UWB discharge source is proposed based on time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of radiated RF electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) from discharge sources. Monte Carlo simulations are then carried out; the results indicate that, the proposed method provides a better performance in UWB discharge source DOA estimation than the traditional time-domain method, especially in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Moreover, the influences of antenna array configurations and incident angles of radiated EMPs on the estimation precision are also studied. It has been shown that, the accuracy of both elevation angle and azimuth angle estimation improves with the increase of the antenna element number and baseline length. As for the influence of incident angles, the estimation accuracy of elevation angle enhances when real elevation angle increases, while that of azimuth angle tends to be opposite. Meanwhile, the real azimuth angle has little effect on the DOA estimation. Finally, an experimental setup for discharge source DOA estimation is introduced and the experiment results are illustrated.
Highlights
Gas discharge is a common phenomenon existing in nature and industrial fields and can bring inevitable interruption as well as serious damage to electronic equipment [1, 2]
In real world UWB discharge source detection, such as hypersonic flight vehicle (HFV) detection, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is far lower than that in lightning location, and a simple random antenna array is necessary because of the complicated ground conditions. erefore, it is of great significance to come up with a direction of arrival (DOA) estimation system specially for UWB discharge source under low SNR conditions based on a random antenna array
Proposed Multiple Baseline Wideband Time-Domain Interferometry with Hilbert Transform. e radiated electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) from a far field point discharge source such as HFV is an ultrawideband signal with a limited SNR, the basic single baseline interferometry cannot meet its DOA estimation requirement due to angle ambiguity, and only the incident angle on the plane formed by the target and the baseline can be obtained by two antenna elements
Summary
Gas discharge is a common phenomenon existing in nature and industrial fields and can bring inevitable interruption as well as serious damage to electronic equipment [1, 2]. Chen et al came up with a new estimation method based on L-shape array [22] It follows that the previous research studies mainly focus on observation of lightning, which is a high energy discharge process with an extremely high voltage and current. In real world UWB discharge source detection, such as HFV detection, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is far lower than that in lightning location, and a simple random antenna array is necessary because of the complicated ground conditions. Erefore, it is of great significance to come up with a DOA estimation system specially for UWB discharge source under low SNR conditions based on a random antenna array. An UWB discharge source DOA estimation method based on multiple baseline wideband time-domain interferometry with Hilbert transform is proposed.
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