Ultraviolet-induced Bragg gratings in different core size ridge waveguides and birefringence control

Abstract

A simple numerical method is developed to analyze changes in intrinsic birefringence of ridge waveguides with waveguide dimensions and UV irradiation. Experimentally, Bragg gratings were written on different core size ridge waveguides using the phase mask technique and ArF laser irradiation. By monitoring the shifts in Bragg wavelength with UV irradiation, the variation of the waveguide birefringence with waveguide dimension and UV processing is observed and quantified. The mechanism of the waveguide birefringence controlled with UV irradiation is verified both in the theoretical analysis and experiment.