Abstract
A growth scheme at a low processing temperature for high crystalline-quality of ZnO nanostructures can be a prime stepping stone for the future of various optoelectronic devices manufactured on transparent plastic substrates. In this study, ZnO nanorods (NRs) grown by the hydrothermal method at 150 °C through doping of transition metals (TMs), such as Co, Ni, or Co-plus-Ni, on polyethylene terephthalate substrates were investigated by various surface analysis methods. The TM dopants in ZnO NRs suppressed the density of various native defect-states as revealed by our photoluminescence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Further investigation also showed the doping into ZnO NRs brought about a clear improvement in carrier mobility from 0.81 to 3.95 cm2/V-s as well as significant recovery in stoichiometric contents of oxygen. Ultra-violet photodetectors fabricated with Co-plus-Ni codoped NRs grown on an interdigitated electrode structure exhibited a high spectral response of ~137 A/W, on/off current ratio of ~135, and an improvement in transient response speed with rise-up and fall-down times of ~2.2 and ~3.1 s, respectively.
Highlights
Technological advancements of flexible microelectronics are revolutionizing the world by introducing wearable and implantable sensor devices such as wrist-bands and soft exosuits for the healthcare framework
We present UV PDs fabricated on transparent plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates using three different dopings in ZnO NRs
The SEM observation indicated the lateral expansion of the NRs was promoted during the growth upon transition metals (TMs) doping, and the maximum lateral growth was observed when both Co and Ni dopants were present in NR crystals
Summary
Technological advancements of flexible microelectronics are revolutionizing the world by introducing wearable and implantable sensor devices such as wrist-bands and soft exosuits for the healthcare framework. Such gadgets can precisely measure the blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiogram, and respiration rate of a human body in real-time [1,2]. Sensing patches like a tattoo comprising the multiple sensors have been fabricated on several transparent plastic substrates to secure a conformal touch with the curvy portions of the human physique and, in consequence, to have a steady measurement of the physiological variables. Among various UV compatible nanostructure materials, a wide band gap (3.34 eV), ease of preparation and non-toxicity, chemical and thermal stability of ZnO are substantially favorable properties to fabricate ZnO UV PDs [10]
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