Abstract
The unoccupied electronic states in ultrathin Ni films on Cu(001) have been studied by spin- and angle-resolved inverse photoemission. Although the $d$ holes in a strong ferromagnet such as Ni are expected to have exclusively minority character, our inverse-photoemission results for a 6 ML film of Ni on Cu(001) provide evidence of significant majority contributions from empty $d$ bands. We examined carefully that the majority intensity is not caused by a reduced magnetization due to a lower Curie temperature as compared with the bulk case or by a modified magnetic structure of the film. Hence, it is attributed to a band structure different from the bulk situation, i.e., the majority $d$ bands are not entirely occupied. As a consequence, ultrathin Ni films on Cu(001) do not represent a strong ferromagnet.
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