Ultrathin and porous CoP nanosheets as an efficient electrocatalyst for boosting hydrogen evolution behavior at a broad range of pH

Abstract

Designing highly-efficient, stable and low-cost catalysts for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) plays an important role in renewable energy conversion technology. The particularly ultrathin and porous 2D architecture can provide plentiful activation sites, short delivery channels to improve reaction kinetic and promote HER procedure. High-performance transition metal phosphide (CoP) combined with unique and holey 2D ultrathin nanosheet structure is prepared by successively hydrothermal reaction, oxidation and phosphorization techniques, which presents remarkable stability and electrocatalytic HER properties in a wide pH range. The thickness and pore dimension of ultrathin and porous CoP nanosheets are ∼15 and 3–17 nm. The optimized CoP nanosheets only require 60, 128, 90 mV overpotentials to drive the current density of 10 mA cm−2 in acidic, neutral and alkaline environment, respectively, much better than those of oxide counterpart and the previously reported transition metal-based electrocatalysts. Moreover, the small Tafel slopes of porous CoP nanosheets are 54, 69.9 and 62.9 mV dec−1 in acidic, neutral and alkaline media. CoP nanosheets also exhibit high conductivity, large Cdl, and long-term stability for 20 h in pH-universal electrolyte.