Abstract
Three sympatric Entomoneis species, found at the same specific locality in Lake Qinghai, China, are studied by using light and scanning electron microscope. Two species are proposed as new to science and named as E.sinensis sp. nov. and E.qinghainensis sp. nov. The third species is identified as E.paludosa (W. Smith) Reimer. Entomoneissinensis has a linear-lanceolate valve outline and Ƨ-shaped keel, bears two distinct 8-shaped loops formed by the valvocopula pars media in each cell and each of its stria is composed of either a long hymen strip or a long hymen strip plus one separated areola close to the raphe. Its hymen strip belongs to Type Two, which is a siliceous membrane strip perforated by two rows of linear pores next to transapical costae and two rows of rounded pores between these two rows of linear pores. Entomoneisqinghainensis has large cells, very high keel and evident hymen strip regions like a U-shaped neck pillow at the middle of valve face. Its hymen strip belongs to Type One, which is a siliceous membrane strip perforated by irregularly distributed round pores. Entomoneispaludosa also has the hymen strip regions that are worm-like and close to the raphe canal. Its hymen strip is same as that of E.qinghainensis. The two kinds of the outside areola occlusions in Entomoneis are compared, summarised and discussed.
Highlights
Species in the diatom genus Entomoneis generally exhibit panduriform frustules in a girdle view and have a sigmoid keel
We provide high magnification images of the scanning electron microscope for three species of Entomoneis found in Lake Qinghai, China with the aim of illustrating both types of hymen occlusions
We have proposed two types of hymenes, hymen strip and hymen strip region for Entomoneis
Summary
Species in the diatom genus Entomoneis generally exhibit panduriform frustules in a girdle view and have a sigmoid keel. According to AlgaeBase website (Guiry and Guiry 2021), 30 species names have been accepted taxonomically, based on the listed literature under the species name. Species in this genus occupy a wide range of habitats and exhibit a certain amount of morphological diversity. Regarding the morphological diversity of Entomoneis, some species possess three kinds of fibulae: raphe fibulae, keel fibulae and basal fibulae [e.g. E_calixasini Paillès, Blanc-Valleron & Poulin (in Paillès et al 2014)]. The striae in Entomoneis can be uniseriate (e.g. E_triundulata and E. annagodheae), biseriate [e.g. E_centrospinosa and E. reimeri Reinke et Wujek (Reinke and Wujek (2013)] or strip-like [e.g. E_aequabilis, E. punctulata (Grunow) Osada & Kobayasi and E. pseudoduplex Osada & Kobayasi (Osada and Kobayasi 1990a)].
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