Abstract
Individual sea urchin teeth consist of many elements, each secreted by a syncytium formed for the purpose. The numerous syncytia of each tooth take up secondary connection with one another in the vicinity of needles and prisms. The elements of the primary tooth skeleton are surrounded by cytoplasm and are therefore intracellular. Following the origin of a syncytium in the plumula, a new tooth element sheath originates in the form of a vesicle, which develops a unified crystallization cavity in the shape of the future tooth element. During the early growth of the sheath, calcium carbonate crystallization begins within the sheath. An inner coating of the sheath functions as a crystallization matrix, and further growth of calcium carbonate takes place centripetally. Collagen does not take part in mineralization. Neither an axial thread nor other organic material inside the hardened mineral was found.
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