Ultrastrong coupling between electron tunneling and mechanical motion

Abstract

The ultrastrong coupling of single-electron tunneling and nanomechanical motion opens exciting opportunities to explore fundamental questions and develop new platforms for quantum technologies. We have measured and modeled this electromechanical coupling in a fully suspended carbon nanotube device and report a ratio of ${g}_{\text{m}}/{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\mathrm{m}}=2.72\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.14$, where ${g}_{\text{m}}/2\ensuremath{\pi}=0.80\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GHz}$ is the coupling strength and ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{\mathrm{m}}/2\ensuremath{\pi}=294.5\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$ is the mechanical resonance frequency. This is well within the ultrastrong coupling regime and the highest among all other electromechanical platforms. We show that, although this regime was present in similar fully suspended carbon nanotube devices, it went unnoticed. Even higher ratios could be achieved with improvement on device design.