Ultrasound-Guided Laser Ablation Versus Microwave Ablation for Patients With Unifocal Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Retrospective Study.

Abstract

The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy and the safety of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MWA) and laser ablation (LA) for the treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). A total of 67 patients with unifocal PTMC were studied retrospectively, including 33 cases who underwent MWA (MWA group) and 34 cases who received LA (LA group). The follow-up consisted of thyroid function tests, ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), and chest X-ray or computed tomography scan. The treatment response and complications were compared between the two groups. The follow-up time for the MWA and LA group was 23.3 ± 4.4 and 22.8 ± 4.1 months, respectively. All the ablations were successfully performed as planned without complementary ablations, and it was confirmed by CEUS after treatment in both groups. It was observed that, at the last follow-up, the mean largest diameter decreased from 5.0 ± 1.4 mm to 0.1 ± 0.4 mm (MWA group) and from 4.5 ± 1.6 mm to 0.6 ± 1.2 mm(LA group) (P < 0.05 for both). The average volume reduced from 51.9 ± 40.8 to 0.2 ± 1.0 mm3 (MWA group) and from 38.5 ± 43.0 to 1.3 ± 3.8 mm3 (LA group) (P < 0.05 for both). The complication rates did not differ between the MWA group (9.1%) and the LA group (2.9%) (P > 0.05). No local recurrence or distant metastasis occurred in either group. During the short-term follow-up period, ultrasound-guided MWA and LA were both safe and effective methods in treating patients with unifocal PTMC. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.