Abstract
The main objective of the current work was to evaluate the suitability of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for the recovery of oil from papaya seed as compared to conventional extraction techniques (i.e., Soxhlet extraction (SXE) and solvent extraction (SE)). In the present study, the recovery yield, fatty acid composition and triacylglycerol profile of papaya seed oil obtained from different extraction methods and conditions were compared. Results indicated that both solvent extraction (SE, 12 h/25 °C) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) methods recovered relatively high yields (79.1% and 76.1% of total oil content, respectively). Analysis of fatty acid composition revealed that the predominant fatty acids in papaya seed oil were oleic (18:1, 70.5%–74.7%), palmitic (16:0, 14.9%–17.9%), stearic (18:0, 4.50%–5.25%), and linoleic acid (18:2, 3.63%–4.6%). Moreover, the most abundant triacylglycerols of papaya seed oil were triolein (OOO), palmitoyl diolein (POO) and stearoyl oleoyl linolein (SOL). In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the triacylglycerol profile of papaya seed oil, but no significant differences were observed in the fatty acid composition of papaya seed oil extracted by different extraction methods (SXE, SE and UAE) and conditions.
Highlights
In recent years, bio-recovery of valuable byproducts from agro-biomass wastes and underutilized products has become noticeable [1]
(9 h/25 °C); G: SE (9 h/50 °C); H: SE (12 h/25 °C); I: SE (12 h/50 °C); J: ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). This might be due to the long extraction time used in the solvent extraction and high ultrasound power in the ultrasound-assisted extraction
The present study showed that, ultrasound-assisted extraction could recover a considerable amount of papaya seed oil in short extraction time (30 min) as compared to SE and Soxhlet extraction (SXE) and other extraction methods reported by previous researchers [5,6]
Summary
Bio-recovery of valuable byproducts from agro-biomass wastes and underutilized products has become noticeable [1]. Most fruit processing units have massive disposal of biomass waste issues (i.e., seeds, skin, pulp, etc.). Several studies [2,3] have suggested the bio-recovery of different byproducts like enzymes, essential oils, ethanol and pharmaceuticals from fruit wastes (mango, banana, pineapple and papaya). Papaya fruit is a high yielding crop from the family Caricaceae of the genus Carica that grows in many tropical countries. Malaysian farms produce about 72,000 tons of papaya each year [4]. Papaya seeds constitute 15%–20% mass of fruit that represent a considerable amount of papaya fruit waste in processing units [4]. The edibility of papaya seed oil has not been confirmed by previous studies [5]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
