Abstract
An analytical ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method has been optimized and validated for the rapid extraction of stilbenes from grape canes. The influence of sample pre-treatment (oven or freeze-drying) and several extraction variables (solvent, sample-solvent ratio and extraction time between others) on the extraction process were analyzed. The new method allowed the main stilbenes in grape canes to be extracted in just 10 min, with an extraction temperature of 75 °C and 60% ethanol in water as the extraction solvent. Validation of the extraction method was based on analytical properties. The resulting RSDs (n = 5) for interday/intraday precision were less than 10%. Furthermore, the method was successfully applied in the analysis of 20 different grape cane samples. The result showed that grape cane byproducts are potentially sources of bioactive compounds of interest for pharmaceutical and food industries.
Highlights
IntroductionStilbenes are non-flavonoid phenolic compounds expressed in many plant families [1]
Stilbenes are non-flavonoid phenolic compounds expressed in many plant families [1].Their occurrence in plant tissues is associated to plant resistance against fungal diseases such as Botrytis cinerea, or abiotic stress, such as UV irradiation
It can be seen from the results that the majority of the total stilbenes present in the sample were extracted within 5 min and an increase in the extraction time from 5 to 10 min led to an increase of 7.6 of the total amount of trans-ε-viniferin extracted
Summary
Stilbenes are non-flavonoid phenolic compounds expressed in many plant families [1]. Their occurrence in plant tissues is associated to plant resistance against fungal diseases such as Botrytis cinerea, or abiotic stress, such as UV irradiation. They are considered as phytoalexins [2]. Grape and red wine are among the major dietary sources of stilbenes [6], being present in both edible and non-edible plant tissues. The grape and wine industry is a valuable part of the economy in several regions around the world, with a total production area forecast to be 7,534,000 hectares in
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