Ultrasound-Assisted Emulsification Microextraction Based on Solidification Floating Organic Drop Trace Amounts of Manganese Prior to Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Determination

Alireza Mohadesi,Masoumeh Falahnejad

doi:10.1100/2012/987645

Abstract

In the present study, an ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction based on solidification floating organic drop method is described for preconcentration of trace amounts of Mn (II). 2-(5-Bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5 diethylaminophenol was added to a solution of Mn+2 at ph = 10.0. After this, 1-undecanol was added to the solution as an extraction solvent, and solution was stirred. Several factors influencing the microextraction efficiency, such as pH, the amount of chelating agent, nature and volume of extraction solvent, the volume of sample solution, stirring rate, and extraction time were investigated and optimized. Then sample vial was cooled by inserting into an ice bath, and the solidified was transferred into a suitable vial for immediate melting. Finally the sample was injected into a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Under the optimum condition the linear dynamic range was 0.50–10.0 ng mL−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9926, and the detection limit of 0.3 ng mL−1 was obtained. The enrichment factor was 160. The proposed method was successfully applied for separation and determination of manganese in sea, rain, tap, and river water samples.

Highlights

Manganese is recognized as both an essential and a neurotoxic trace element
As an essential trace element, Mn plays an important role in bone and tissue formation, reproductive functions, and the activation of many enzymes, which are involved in vital metabolic processes [1]
Manganese (II) ion is rather stable in aqueous environments, which are often linked with water pollution, especially for drinking water [3, 4]

Summary

Introduction

Manganese is recognized as both an essential and a neurotoxic trace element. As an essential trace element, Mn plays an important role in bone and tissue formation, reproductive functions, and the activation of many enzymes, which are involved in vital metabolic processes [1]. The direct determination of trace manganese ions is generally difficult because of matrix interference problems and low concentration of metals in samples. These problems can be overcome by using preconcentration and separation procedures before the detection procedure. The Scientific World Journal of floating organic drop which was successfully used for the extraction and determination of lead, cooper, palladium, cobalt, and nickel was reported [14,15,16,17] In this method, small volume of an organic solvent with a melting point near room temperature (in the range of 10–30◦C) was floated on the surface of aqueous solution. Rapidity, short extraction time, using less amount of toxic organic solvent, and high enrichment factor are some of the USA-EME-SFO advantages

Experimental

Results and Discussion

Conclusions