Ultrasound scanning in women with raised serum alpha fetoprotein: Long term psychological effects

Abstract

Pregnant women with raised serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were referred for ultrasound scanning to further diagnose fetal abnormalities. This study examined the anxiety level, attitude towards the fetus and pregnancy and concern for fetus’ health before, immediately after and 4-5 weeks after scanning of those women whose results were negative. Their reactions were compared with a group of pregnant women with a normal pregnancy receiving routine scanning for dates. The raised AFP patients had a significantly higher anxiety level and greater concern for fetal health than the controls before scanning. Anxiety level and attitude changed towards a positive direction immediately following scanning which reassured the women that the fetus was normal. However, there was a tendency for the psychological measures to return to prescan level during follow-up. The results were discussed in relation to doctor-patient communication and the need for continuous reassurance in some pregnant women.