Ultrasound in in vitro fertilization programs

Abstract

Ultrasound examination is an integral part of in vitro fertilization programs. This work shows that the antral follicle count compared to the level of antimüllerian hormone is a preferred marker for assessing the ovarian reserve, response to ovarian stimulation and the results of in vitro fertilization programs, while counting the antral follicle count can be carried out on any day of the menstrual cycle without reducing the informativeness of the study of the ovarian reserve, which is convenient for both patients and doctors. 3D transvaginal ultrasound allows automated assessment of the number of antral follicles with high accuracy and efficiency in less time than 2D transvaginal ultrasound. Using 3D transvaginal ultrasound and artificial intelligence, a threshold value of dominant follicle volume of 0.5 cm3 or greater was determined as a marker for predicting the number of mature oocytes in in vitro fertilization programs. The measurement of endometrial thickness and volume in combination with the determination of vascularization index, flow index, vascularization-flow index and systole-diastolic ratio in the uterine artery at transvaginal ultrasound allows predicting the results of in vitro fertilization programs. Modern possibilities of transabdominal oocyte aspiration using vaginal probe are presented.