Abstract
The diaphragm is the major muscle of respiration and its dysfunction is associated with problems ranging from orthopnea to prolonged recovery from surgery or ventilator management. Common causes of diaphragm dysfunction include phrenic neuropathy, motor neuron disease, neuromuscular junction disorders, and myopathy. This article reviews sonographic findings of normal diaphragm, including key quantitative ultrasound measurements that are helpful in the evaluation of diaphragm. It also discusses various clinical application of this technique in diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases.
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