Ultrasound-guided dissection and ligation of the internal inguinal ring for hernia repair in pediatrics: an experimental animal study

Abstract

PurposeWe aimed to test the feasibility and reliability of ultrasound-guided percutaneous internal inguinal ring suture in rabbits, as a model for inguinal hernia repair in pediatric population. MethodsTwenty-eight rabbits were divided in 2 groups: group I (female morphology) - persistence of the peritoneal–vaginal duct with gonads placed in intraperitoneal position; group II (male morphology) - persistence of the peritoneal–vaginal duct with gonads kept intact inside the duct. Under exclusive ultrasound-guided image we tried to perform a complete pre-peritoneal ligation of the peritoneal–vaginal duct at the level of the internal inguinal ring using a 20G peripheral IV catheter and 2–0 non-absorbable suture. Afterwards, an exploratory laparoscopy was performed to evaluate the ligation. ResultsUltrasound allowed characterization of inguinal–crural structures. Group I – complete and reliable suture 66.7%, incomplete but reliable suture 16.7%, inappropriate ligation 16.7%; group II – complete but unreliable suture 76.9%, incomplete and unreliable suture 11.5%, inappropriate suture 11.5%. No acute complications were logged. ConclusionsPercutaneous dissection and ligation of internal inguinal ring through exclusive ultrasound guidance was feasible and likely reliable, namely for female inguinal hernia repair.