Ultrasound Features across Subtypes of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Doaa Mosad Mosa,Amany S El-Bahnasawy,Ashraf M Abdelrahman

doi:10.3390/rheumato2010002

Doaa Mosad Mosa, Amany S El-Bahnasawy + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/rheumato2010002

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Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) features across categories of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination including disease assessment parameters and laboratory investigations. In addition, all children were examined by both grayscale (GS) and power Doppler (PD) MSUS images. Results: By MSUS, the number of joints with synovial effusion was 697 of a total 2400 examined joints (29%) and joints with synovial thickening counted 673 (28%). The number of joints with positive PD signals was 446 (18.6%). There was a significant difference among JIA subtypes as regards different MSUS features. Moreover, there was a discrepancy regarding synovial effusion (p = 0.018), hypertrophy scores (p = 0.013), and the total US severity score (p = 0.026). This divergence was attributed to the significant difference between systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) and other categories. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of MSUS in JIA and its subtypes were calculated. Conclusion: MSUS is a highly sensitive method for detecting synovitis, tenosynovitis, and erosive bone disease, and it helps to make proper therapeutic decisions. There was a significant difference among JIA subtypes regarding MSUS features.

Highlights

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic rheumatic disease characterized by synovitis of peripheral joints persisting more than six weeks
This study aimed to evaluate musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) features among different categories of JIA
A total 60 JIA patients were included in this study

Summary

Introduction

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic rheumatic disease characterized by synovitis of peripheral joints persisting more than six weeks. It affects children before the age of sixteen, and it is the most common pediatric rheumatic disease [1]. The heterogeneity of clinical manifestations of JIA and the absence of reliable markers that predict disease progression have accentuated the quest for newer measures. These tools will help in better patient classification and disease monitoring [3]

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion