Abstract

Urolithiasis is a metabolic disease caused by various exogenous or endogenous factors, often has a hereditary nature and is determined by the presence of a stone in the urinary system. The causes and mechanism of stone formation remain open in urology. There is still no definitive theory for the development of urolithiasis. The main symptoms of urolithiasis are pain, hematuria, dysuria and stone passage. Urolithiasis (UCD) is one of the most common urological diseases and ranks second in the world after inflammatory nonspecific diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.

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