Abstract

Ultrasound contrast agents are stabilized microbubbles used to enhance diagnostic imaging. Various studies indicate that certain bioeffects can result from the interaction of ultrasound with tissues containing contrast agents. The presence of ultrasound contrast agents in blood has been shown to increase the extent of hemolysis resulting from exposure to pulsed ultrasound in vitro and in vivo. The presence of contrast agents in tissues also increases the susceptibility of many tissues to damage from pulsed ultrasound or lithotripter fields. For example, injection of Albunex during exposure of mice to a piezoelectric lithotripter field with amplitude of only 2 MPa produced hemorrhages in most soft tissues, such as fat, muscle, kidney, stomach, and bladder. Contrast agents in the vasculature can also decrease the threshold for the production of premature cardiac contractions resulting from exposure to pulses of ultrasound. This lecture will provide an overview of some bioeffects of ultrasound in tissues containing ultrasound contrast agents.

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