Abstract
Ultrasound (US) waves have been recently developed for the treatment of different chronic wounds with promising therapeutic outcomes. However, the clinical efficacy of these techniques is still not fully understood and standard guidelines on dose ranges and possible side effects should be determined. This paper aims to comprehensively review the recent advances in US techniques for chronic wound treatment, their therapeutic efficacies, and clinical considerations and challenges. The databases of PubMed (1985-2017), EMBASE (1985-2017), Web of Sciences (1985-2017), Cochrane central library (1990-2017), and Google Scholar (1980-2017) were searched using the set terms. The obtained results were screened for the title and abstract by two authors and the relevant papers were reviewed for further details. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown strong evidence on the therapeutic efficiency of US in chronic wounds. The main limitation on developing clinical standard protocols of US for treatment of wounds is the lack of definite dose-response for each wound. However, spatial average temporal average is the main parameter for defining US dosage in wound treatment. The range of 0.5 to 3 W/cm2 is a range of dose exerting significant therapeutic outcomes and minimum adverse effects. Low-frequency US waves can accelerate the healing speed of open wounds as well as deep-tissue injuries. In addition, US waves show promising therapeutic efficacy for chronic wounds. To develop clinical US protocol for each wound type, further in vitro and in vivo preclinical and clinical trials are needed to reach an exact dose-response for each wound type.
Highlights
Along with the advancements in new medications, different techniques have been developed for the treatment of different chronic wounds such as pressure relieving beds, and medicinal plants [1]
Ultrasound (US) waves have been recently proposed for the treatment of different wounds and showed promising outcomes
Because of the immense body of literature in this field, various protocols and devices used in different wound types, this study was aimed to provide a comprehensive and descriptive overview of the recent advances in applications of US waves for the treatment of chronic wounds, therapeutic efficacies, and clinical considerations of US-based techniques for chronic wounds
Summary
BackgroundDuring the recent years, along with the advancements in new medications, different techniques have been developed for the treatment of different chronic wounds such as pressure relieving beds, and medicinal plants [1]. High worldwide prevalence of wounds, high costs and side effects of conventional medications have necessitated the development of alternative or adjunctive techniques for wound treatment. In this regard, several methods have been. Ultrasound (US) waves have been recently proposed for the treatment of different wounds and showed promising outcomes. These mechanical waves have several intrinsic advantages over other non-medication techniques that make them a good candidate for wound healing. Several preclinical and animal studies have shown different physiological effects of US on living tissues [9]
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