Abstract
Due to the rapid development of the aluminum industry, waste cathode carbon, as a hazardous solid waste, is inevitably generated during the production process of the aluminum electrolysis industry. Improper treatment of waste cathode carbon will inevitably result in significant environmental damage, affecting both flora and fauna. Therefore, ultrasound-assisted leaching was employed to extract the waste cathode carbon, using a sodium hydroxide solution as the leaching medium to recover valuable metals and electrolytes, thereby mitigating environmental risks and reclaiming resources. Optimal conditions for ultrasonic-assisted alkali leaching were determined through a single-factor experiment: a leaching temperature of 70 °C, a liquid-solid ratio of 7:1, a leaching time of 50 min, an alkali concentration of 100 g/L, and ultrasonic power of 250 W. Under these conditions, the fluoride leaching efficiency reached 89.17 %, and the lithium ion leaching efficiency was 86.33 %. Comparative analyses between traditional leaching methods and the optimized experiments revealed that the advantages of ultrasonic action and cyclic leaching contributed to an increase of 5.28 % in the fluoride leaching efficiency and 11 % in the lithium ion leaching efficiency. Furthermore, ultrasonic-assisted leaching significantly reduces the leaching time to 50 min while achieving a higher rate of impurity removal.
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