Abstract
This work reports the preparation and application of Fe2O3-SiO2-PAN nanocomposite for the removal of Cr3+, Cu2+, Al3+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Co2+, and Ti3+ from seawater. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) characterized the synthesized composite. The following experimental parameters (Extraction time, adsorbent mass and pH) affecting the removal of major and trace metals were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The applicability of the RSM model was verified by performing the confirmation experiment using the optimal condition and the removal efficiency ranged from 90% to 97%, implying that the model was valid. The adsorption kinetic data was described by the pseudo-second order model. The applicability of the materials was tested on real seawater samples (initial concentration ranging from 0.270–203 µg L−1) and the results showed satisfactory percentage efficiency removal that range from 98% to 99.9%. The maximum adsorption capacities were found to be 4.36, 7.20, 2.23, 6.60, 5.06, 2.60, 6.79, 6.65 and 3.00 mg g−1, for Cr3+, Cu2+, Al3+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Co2+, and Ti4+, respectively.
Highlights
Water crisis is the biggest problem faced by humanity and increased in water scarcity have a negative effect on economic development and human livelihoods [1]
The application on the Fe2O3-SiO2-PAN adsorbent was executed for the removal of major and traces metals; Cr3+, Cu2+, Al3+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Co2+, and Ti3+ from synthetic brine and seawater samples
The prepared Fe2O3-SiO2-PAN material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and BET surface area
Summary
Water crisis is the biggest problem faced by humanity and increased in water scarcity have a negative effect on economic development and human livelihoods [1]. In order to improve the stability state of NMO, their impregnation onto porous supports of natural materials, synthetic polymeric hosts and activated carbon has been reported [20] These led to organic-inorganic polymer hybrids being used for its high transparency and excellent solvent-resistance [21]. The use of in-situ synthesis has been the most used methods for the synthesis of polymers and nanoparticles to achieve homogeneous and well-dispersed material in polymer solution [24] For this reason, preparation of composite materials such zeolitic imidazolate framework-8-PAN [23], sodium alginate-melamine sponge [25], poly (ether sulfone) (PES) and sulfonated poly (ether sulfone) (SPES) [26], and many others, were applied for heavy metal removal. Mesoporous silica has recently attracted huge interest as a suitable adsorbent for the removal of various pollutants due to its unique physicochemical properties [34] These include properties such as possible re-use, mechanical resistance, and easy modification. The following experimental parameters (Extraction time, adsorbent mass and pH) affecting the removal of Cr3+, Cu2+, Al3+, Ba2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Co2+, and Ti3+ were optimized using a multivariate approach, namely a response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box-Behnken design
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