Abstract
Pigments are organic or inorganic compounds which are used as colouring agents in food, textile, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Presently, pigment extracted from natural sources gained more attention since it is eco-friendly and possess medicinal property. In this study, the extraction of yellow pigment from Tecoma castanifolia floral petals using ultrasonic waves was reported. Response surface method (RSM) was employed to optimize the extraction parameters such as flower mass, solvent concentration, time, and ultrasonic power. The pigment absorbance (OD), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (AA) were considered as responses. Response surface analysis predicted the optimal level of flower mass, methanol concentration, extraction time, and sonication power as 2 g, 100%, 15 min, and 30 W respectively for the maximum response of OD (3.46), TPC (246.6 mg/g), and AA (55.7%). The model obtained in the RSM was well fitted the validation experimental results. The phenolics, aromatic compounds and esters which may be responsible for the antioxidant capacity of the extracted pigment were confirmed by the GC–MS and FT-IR analysis. The yellow pigment extracted from T. castanifolia can be used as natural colouring agent and antioxidant additive to the food products.
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