Ultrasonography of the thyroid, parathyroids, and beyond.

Abstract

BackgroundUltrasonography has become an essential tool for the evaluation and management of thyroid and parathyroid diseases. Its applications extend beyond neck endocrine conditions to a multitude of pathologies within the head and neck region.ObjectivesOur study aimed to: (1) provide a broad review of neck ultrasonography and key findings in neck endocrine diseases; (2) support skilled performance office-based diagnostic ultrasonography and its varied applications.Materials and methodsA review of the current literature was supplemented with clinical examples of key ultrasonographic findings.ResultsCurrent applications and key findings of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of neck endocrine conditions are reviewed.ConclusionUltrasonography is a fundamental component in the evaluation and management of neck endocrine diseases. The reader is encouraged to use this review to enhance office-based performance and application of ultrasonography.Video onlineThe online version of this article contains 11 additional videos. They are provided to illustrate some of the dynamic aspects of US performance. The article and the videos are available online (10.1007/s00106-022-01162-0). The videos can be found in the article back matter as “Electronic Supplementary Material”.