Ultrasonographic evaluation of the fetal central nervous system: review of guidelines.

Hérbene José Figuinha Milani,Alberto Borges Peixoto,Enoch Quindere De Sá Barreto,Edward Araujo Júnior,Antonio Fernandes Moron,Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza

doi:10.1590/0100-3984.2018.0056

Hérbene José Figuinha Milani, Alberto Borges Peixoto + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2018.0056

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Journal: Radiologia brasileira	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2019
Citations: 10	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo

Abstract

Central nervous system malformations constitute the second most common group of anomalies in fetuses. Such malformations have assumed clinical importance because of their association with high rates of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is extremely important to assess the fetal central nervous system during the prenatal period, in order to identify any changes in its development and thereby gain sufficient information to advise parents about pregnancy follow-up, options for fetal therapy, and the timing/type of delivery, as well as the postnatal treatment and prognosis. The objective of this review was to describe the ultrasonographic evaluation of the fetal central nervous system as per the guidelines of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Highlights

Congenital central nervous system (CNS) malformations constitute a common group of anomalies in fetuses, second only to cardiac malformations
It is extremely important to assess the fetal central nervous system during the prenatal period, in order to identify any changes in its development and thereby gain sufficient information to advise parents about pregnancy follow-up, options for fetal therapy, and the timing/type of delivery, as well as the postnatal treatment and prognosis
It is extremely important to assess the fetal CNS during the prenatal period, in order to identify any changes in its development and give appropriate advice to parents regarding pregnancy followup, options for fetal therapy, and the timing/type of delivery, as well as the postnatal treatment and prognosis

Summary

Introduction

Congenital central nervous system (CNS) malformations constitute a common group of anomalies in fetuses, second only to cardiac malformations. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the fetal CNS in the first trimester is usually performed in the axial, sagittal and coronal planes, using abdominal and transvaginal approaches.

Objectives

Results

Conclusion