Ultrasonido pulmonar: patrón pulmonar en preeclampsia con criterios de gravedad

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the pulmonary ultrasonographic pattern in pregnant women with a diagnosis of preeclampsia with severity criteria admitted to the Maternal Fetal Medicine Service of the Maternidad Concepción Palacios Hospital in the period between February and September 2020. Methods: The study will be prospective, descriptive, correlational and cross sectional, where patients with a diagnosis of severe preeclampsia will be included and lung ultrasound will be performed with convex transducer using the 8 quadrant technique to evaluate the B lines pattern. The pattern will be correlated with risk factors for preeclampsia and with the development of complications. The association between the number of B-lines and the diagnosis of pulmonary edema will be evaluated. Results: A group of 55 patients with preeclampsia with severity criteria was studied, 56,4 % had an airy lung pattern and 43,6 % a wet pattern. The relationship between the number of B lines and the development of pulmonary edema was statistically significant (p = 0.000) with an average of B lines of 23,3 ± 5,0. All patients who developed acute lung edema were postpartum. Conclusions: the predominant pulmonary pattern was the aerated or A-line pattern. HELLP syndrome may condition the development of a wet pattern and an increased risk of acute lung edema during the puerperium. The number of B lines is directly correlated with an increased risk of developing acute lung edema.