Abstract
The ultrasonic welding of polymeric materials is one of the methods often used in practice. However, each couple of material subjected to ultrasonic welding is characterized by different values of technological parameters. Therefore, the main objective of the research presented in this paper is to optimize the parameters for the ultrasonic welding of two materials, namely PBT-GF30 (70% polybutylene terephthalate + 30% fiber glass) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE). In this sense, the research was carried out considering a plate-type part made of PBT-GF30, which had a thickness of 2.1 mm, and a membrane-type part made of e-PTFE, with a thickness of 0.3 mm. The condition imposed on the welded joints made, namely to correspond from a technical point of view, was that the detachment pressure of the membrane should be at least 4 bar. To this end, a test device was designed. Additionally, the topography of the material layer from the plate-type part was analyzed, as well as the chemical composition and surface condition for the membrane-type part. The obtained results allowed the optimization of the following parameters: The welding force; welding time; amplitude; and holding time. All experimental results were processed using STATISTICS software, which established how each parameter influences the characteristics of welded joints.
Highlights
IntroductionFor an increasing number of parts made of composite materials and used in various industries, attempts are being made to eliminate the classic ways of joining them (mechanical joints and the use of adhesives) [1,2,3]
The membrane-type part was subjected to SEM12 of 20 analysis and the results presented in Figure 7 were obtained
The research presented in this paper aimed to determine the optimal parameters for the ultrasonic welding of two parts made of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)-GF30 and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE), in order to improve the adhesion between them and avoid the appearance of porosity that causes a detachment of parts at pressures higher than 4 bar
Summary
For an increasing number of parts made of composite materials and used in various industries, attempts are being made to eliminate the classic ways of joining them (mechanical joints and the use of adhesives) [1,2,3]. The best known welding techniques available for composite bonding are resistance [4], induction [5], and ultrasonic welding [6]. In the case of ultrasonic welding, the effect of different welding parameters, such as the welding time, welding pressure, ultrasonic vibration amplitude, holding time, and holding pressure, on the welding quality was previously investigated. It was found that the amplitude of ultrasonic vibrations and geometry of the energy director (ED) had a very large influence on the quality of welded joints made with ultrasound [7]
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