Abstract
Mn-doped 0.7BiFeO3-0.3BaTiO3 (BFO-0.3BTO+Mn 1% mol) lead-free piezoelectric ceramic were fabricated by traditional solid state reaction. The phase structure, microstructure, and ferroelectric properties were investigated. Additionally, lead-free 1–3 composites with 60% volume fraction of BFO-BTO+Mn ceramic were fabricated for ultrasonic transducer applications by a conventional dice-and-fill method. The BFO-BTO+Mn 1-3 composite has a higher electromechanical coupling coefficient (kt = 46.4%) and lower acoustic impedance (Za ~ 18 MRayls) compared with that of the ceramic. Based on this, lead-free piezoelectric ceramic composite, single element ultrasonic transducer with a center frequency of 2.54 MHz has been fabricated and characterized. The single element transducer exhibits good performance with a broad bandwidth of 53%. The insertion loss of the transducer was about 33.5 dB.
Highlights
IntroductionLead-based ceramics, especially Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT), are the most extensively used piezoelectric ceramics for transducer applications due to their stable and good piezoelectric properties [1,2,3,4]
Lead-based ceramics, especially Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT), are the most extensively used piezoelectric ceramics for transducer applications due to their stable and good piezoelectric properties [1,2,3,4].environmental problems are caused by preparing lead-based ceramics because of PbO volatility
The lead-free ceramics were used in various applications, such as ultrasonic transducers [6,7,8,9], pyroelectric sensors [10]
Summary
Lead-based ceramics, especially Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT), are the most extensively used piezoelectric ceramics for transducer applications due to their stable and good piezoelectric properties [1,2,3,4]. Lead-free piezoelectric materials with relatively good piezoelectric properties have attracted a great deal of attention owing to environmental conservation [5]. BFO-BTO system is proposed to be an important family of high-performance lead-free piezoelectric ceramics because of its good ferroelectric properties [13,14,15,16,17]. Mn doping is a common method to enhance the piezoelectric properties and reduce the dielectric loss of the piezoelectric materials [15,16], Mn modified BFO-BTO ceramic with good ferroelectric properties was chosen for transducer applications.
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