Abstract
A detailed study on the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles under ultrasonication is reported in this paper. By using this simple technique, chitosan particles in nanometer range can be easily prepared without using any harmful and expensive chemicals. The results show that increasing the ultrasonic irradiation time and ultrasonic wave amplitude are the key factors for producing discrete chitosan nanoparticles with narrow particle size distribution. The resulting nanoparticles show superior turbidity removal efficiency (75.4%) and dealkalization (58.3%) in wastewater treatment than the bulk chitosan solid (35.4% and 11.1%, respectively), thus offering an eco-friendly and promising approach for treating wastewater via the coagulation/flocculation process.
Highlights
Wastewater is a global issue that should be carefully handled so as to provide sustainable clean water [1]
This study reports the facile synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles via ultrasonication pathway, where the effects of ultrasonic wave amplitude and irradiation time onto the particle size and distribution were investigated using microscopy and spectroscopy techniques
The data show that the ultrasonic treatment initially does not show significant impact on the particle size of chitosan
Summary
Wastewater is a global issue that should be carefully handled so as to provide sustainable clean water [1]. Suspended solid separation involving coagulation and flocculation is one of the well-known approaches in wastewater treatment due to its simplicity, high efficiency and low-cost operation [5,6]. In this process, the alum and powdered activated carbon are frequently used as the coagulant-flocculant with a total suspended solid (TSS) removal of 85% and 98%, respectively [7,8]. These materials suffer from several limitations, such as the generation of large quantities of sludge, changing the pH of water, high-cost backwashing operation, and its residual end-product, which is harmful to the aquatic life [1,9,10]
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