Abstract

The need for a method that would permit the on-line monitoring of hemolysis (the destruction of red blood cells) as blood flows through artificial circuits is becoming increasingly important, as new techniques in transplantation surgery and organ preservation aim at longer periods of extra-corporeal support. It has already been demonstrated experimentally that ultrasonic scattering from blood is a function of the hematocrit (red cell concentration), the cell size, and the degree of red cell aggregation. This paper investigates whether ultrasonic scattering might be used, not only to obtain on-line measurements of the hematocrit, but also to assess the degree of hemolysis and to detect malformed populations of cells. The study involves a reexamination of existing models of ultrasonic scattering from blood, in which red cells have been traditionally modeled as spheres (Rayleigh scattering), and their extension to consider the effect on scattering of disk-shaped particles.

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